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Linux

Permission denied even as root

The Issue

`sudo echo "config" > /etc/myapp.conf` returns permission denied.

Root Cause

The shell redirect `>` runs as your user, not root. sudo only elevates the `echo` command — the redirect is handled before sudo takes effect. Also, file might have immutable flag set.

How to Fix
  1. Use tee instead: `echo "config" | sudo tee /etc/myapp.conf`
  2. Or use sudo sh: `sudo sh -c 'echo "config" > /etc/myapp.conf'`
  3. Check for immutable flag: `lsattr /etc/myapp.conf` — if it shows `i`, run `sudo chattr -i /etc/myapp.conf`
  4. Check SELinux context if on RHEL/CentOS: `ls -Z /etc/myapp.conf`
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